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Synopsis The main factors that have determined the status and course of social work and welfare services in developed countries have been growth of population, changes in the composition of labour force, the change from agricultural to industrial employment, migration from rural to urban areas, changes in the pattern of family life and the progress of medical and social sciences leading to a better understanding of human needs physical, psychological and social and the provisions of meeting them. Secondly the attainment of independence by people in Asia following world war II and the wave of rising expectations among than greatly influenced the course of social and welfare services. It is indeed a tragedy that our governments and political parties have not been able to follow the ideals we cherished during our struggle for independence. Gandhiji could not think of an indepent India without prohibition.