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Synopsis Currently, Kashmir is a widely debated issue which has attracted attention of all nation-states. About two thousand years ago, Kashmir was a great Buddhist centre and some of the famous Buddhist councils were held here. After return back to Brahmanical dominance Kashmir continued to be one of the principal centres of Sanskrit learning. Islam had come to India in 712 A.D. when Arabs had established their foothold in Sindh province of the country. Kashmir continued to be tender spot between India and Pakistan. Two wars were fought over it in 1965 and 1971. The second war resulted in truncation of Pakistan when its erstwhile wing of East Pakistan emerged as an independent and sovereign nation of Bangladesh. To understand and form a balanced view on this vexed problem, this book attempts to provide glimpses into history of various regions of the State, its foundation in 1846, Dogras rule for over hundred years, Pakistani invasions including aggression in Kargil and socio-political developments in the truncated State after independence of India in 1947. It deals in length developments in Pakistan, Afghanistan and their fallout on the State in the form of proxy war described fully. It also deals with the nexus of Osama Bin Laden, M.D.I. and Talibans which now threatens the peace in whole of world.