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Synopsis India and Sri Lanka are geographically contiguous and culturally close.  The island state of Sri Lanka is barely thirty kilometers away from India’s southern coastal tip.  People of these two countries share many similarities in terms of dress, food habits, manners, customs and ways of life.  In spite India sharing border with all its neighboring countries in South Asia, its relationship with Sri Lanka has been relatively more cordial than with other countries in the region.  In addition to their cordial relationship, there is misunderstanding and mistrust between the two resulted in many ups and downs in their mutual relationship.  The issue of Tamils of Indian origin and maritime issues between the two countries created turbulence.  The civil war of 1983 further aggravated the situation.  Half of India’s investment in South Asian region is invested in Sri Lanka and as such the island state has emerged as a close economic partner of India.  Both the countries realize that restrictions on trade between the two are detrimental to their economic growth and prosperity.  There is a greater potential for enhancing and institutionalizing bilateral economic cooperation in the exploration and exploitation of sea resources in the Indian Ocean waters.  Neither country can ignore the security of the other.  Sri Lanka cannot ignore the problems of Tamil Nadir when it talks about its relationship with India.  Similarly India cannot ignore the internal problems of Sri Lanka when it seeks to improve its relations with the latter.  The volume probes into various mechanisms and strategies with a view to shaping better future for both the countries.  The papers provide a perspective in debating the emerging issues of greater concern to India and Sri Lanka in the dynamic world of the 21st Century.  There are eighteen papas, divided into six sections.  Historical Interfaces between India and Sri Lanka, Indo-Sri Lanka: Political Relations, Ethnic, Repatriates and Refugee Issues in Indo-Sri Lanka Relations, Maritime Cooperation between India and Sri Lanka, Indo-Sri Lanka Economic Relations, India-Sri Lanka Partnership.