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Synopsis Naxalite movement is a major cause of concern in India today. Instances of naxal violence are reported at regular intervals in India, Orissa being no exception. The issue of the naxal movement is attributed differently by the naxals and the State power. While the former view it as a ‘socio-economic’ problem, the later regard it as a ‘law & order’ problem. Whatever, may be the fact, the concern of the development of the people has to get priority and in no way it has to be compromised. The book analyses the formative years of the naxal movement and the subsequently focuses on the situation in Orissa. Even though Orissa is regarded a s low intensive naxal affected state, the movement has the potency to strike more violently in the future, if not countered timely. The book provides ample factual references about the growth of the naxal movement and their strategy. The book discusses the role of the State and Central Governments in countering the movement. the book also presents the views of the legendary leader Biju Patnaik on the naxal movement. the book would be certainly useful to those interested in conflict studies, tribal and development studies, and civil society dynamics.