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Synopsis The book analyses the population characteristics such as population growth rate, fertility and mortality trends, age structure, urbanisation and urban concentration, education and human resource development, internal and international migration, gender disparities, ethnic demography, etc. and their impacy on the socio-economic formations in West Asia and North Africa and vice versa. In spite of the fact that there has been unprecedented economic development in West Asia during the past few decades, it still remains one of the fastest growing regions in the world. This perhaps suggests that patriarchal social structure in most Muslim countries of West Asia has not significantly changed over the years, and it continues to influence their population dynamics. The nature, causes and consequences of this demographic transition, which is by no means uniform across the countries of the region, have been analysed in the political economy perspective.