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Synopsis From the outset, Islam had a more favourable opinion of economic life than Medieval Christianity. Trade has ever been an occupation ‘pleasing Allah’ and also the theoretical Inquiry into the Causes of the Wealth of Nations’ to use the title of Adam Smith’s fundamental work published in 1776—started much earlier in Islamic literature than in the European.The present book contains learned articles on Economic Theory in Classical Arabic Literature; Financing in Modern Islamic Economy; Teaching of Economics in University; Level in Muslim Countries; state Intervention in Trade in Classical Arabic Literature; The Islamic State and Economic Development: A Theoretical Analysis. Jizyah in early Islam; The Fiscal Policy of Umar Ibn ‘Abd Al-Aziz’; Islamic Banking; Fiscal Matters in Islam etc.Students, scholars and academics in the field of economics, history, culture and philosophy will find this volume most useful and informative.