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Synopsis This book describes the evolution of the National Family Welfare Programme in India right from its inception till to this day in its different dimensions. The book highlights the different approaches or techniques adopted by the government of India in promoting and popularizing the family welfare programme at different times and to make it a peoples programme among the different sections of Indian society. It explains the historical sketch of the family welfare movement in India stressing the philosophy and essence of target free approach of the programme as announced by the government of India from 1st April 1996 onwards. The recently evolved innovative target free approach is aimed to improve the quality content of the Family Welfare Programme among the Indian masses. It brings out the need to involve the voluntary sector (NGOs) in addition to the governmental efforts to boost up the programme implementation under the target free approach in India. The book dwells at length the feasibility and success of target free approach in family welfare in India in the light of the findings of the recently conducted backward Mahabubnagar district rapid survey in Andhra Pradesh. It reveals the very poor infrastructural facilities at PHCs, low awareness and poor utilization of the rural women both on different health issues and the governmental health services respectively and the last but not the least is the need for updating the knowledge and skills of the PHC health staff for their effective functioning through in-service training programmes. The book wil be a good resourceful book for those specialists who involve in research and teaching as well as to the programme executives who concentrate more in the programme implementation at the grass roots village level in the area of health and family welfare programmes of the government of India.