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Synopsis At the cusp of the 21st Century the security of the Indian Ocean region continues to be cofronted with boundless threats, more from non-traditional sources, that have obviously become manifold in the post Cold War era. These threats emanate from non-military sources like drug-trafficking, frequent cross-border terrorism, proliferation of small arms, demographic disequilibrium, spill-over effects of domestic violence, resource depletion, some ethno-religious and tribal conflicts, etc. This book examines these aspects vis-?-vis the security of the Indian Ocean. It lays emphasis on the fact that these sources of threat to security are inherent within the region and so their containment is only feasible through increased economic interaction and cooperation on security-related issues among the member contries through Indian Ocean Rim Association for Regional Cooperation (IOR-ARC). It also examines India’s threat perceptions and its capabilities to meet those threats and its role in the IOR-ARC.