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Synopsis Gautama Buddha lived between 563-483 BC and is highly regarded the world over by followers of other religious besides Buddhism, which was named after him. Buddha refers to the title given to the young prince Gautama Siddhartha and literally means the awakened one Gautama Buddha was called so after he attained enlightenment and salvation during his lifetime and spread the message through simple living and high thinking to his fellowmen and many generations after that still follow this middle path to find the true nature of life. Thousands of candles can be lit from a single candle, and the life of that candle will not be shortened is a famous Buddhist proverb that stands true for the founder of Buddhism, Gautama Buddha most of all he found through suffering and meditation the true meaning of life how spirituality can be developed through self awareness discipline and focusing on a higher self by service towards others and practicing humility love and kindness in action words and deeds. Christened Siddharth meaning one who is accomplished Gautama Buddha is also referred to as Sakyamuni since he was a highly venerated sage of the tribe of Sakya. The Village of Lumbini near Kapila Vastu was the birthplace of Gautama Buddha born to high ranking royals now regarded as bordering on Nepal land and famous pilgrimage sport for Buddhists from all over the world. The authors examine the major political economic social and cultural forces which have shaped the history of the subcontinent. Providing an authoritative and detailed account authors emphasise and analyse the structural pattern of Indian history of that time.