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Synopsis This monograph on Indian Geocalycaceae is in continuation with the earlier monographs on various genera and families of Indian Hepaticae published from the Bryology unit, Department of Botany, Lucknow University from time to time. It is based on the study of extensive collection of living plants from different bryogeographically rich territories of the country. The identification of various taxa has been authenticated by comparison with the type/authentic specimens obtained from different herbaria of the world. Besides critical evaluation and detailed taxonomic description of each species, habitat, type locality, distributional range in India as well as in the world, characteristics of the species, specimens examined and comparison with closely related species have also been provided. A total of 27 taxa belonging to 4 genera : Chiloscyphus, Heteroscyphus, Lophocolea (Lophocoleoideae) and Geocalyx (Geocalycoideae) have been validly recognized from India. Of these 7 species have been instituted as new to science. Remaining taxa included in this work have been evaluated in the light of modern taxonomic tools including SEM details of spores. This would not only stimulate young workers in this field of specialization but would also initiate publication of similar monographs on Indian liverworts in future.