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Synopsis This book provides entries on all Basics of Ecology and the environmental science. It covers a vast range of subjects, from plant and animal physiology, animal behaviour, evolution, environmental pollution, and conservation to climatology, meteorology, geomorphology, and oceanography. It includes developments in this rapidly evolving field, particularly in the areas of molecular ecology, conservation, and the management of habitats, and has biographical notes on eminent ecologists and other scientists. This book presents practical advice on how to apply the methods. It will be an indispensable reference for marine and freshwater research laboratories, environmental  assessment laboratories, and industrial research labs concerned with microbial measurements in water.