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Synopsis Tribals are the original inhabitants of a particular locality. Though almost all over the world tribals are found, India is a hub of different tribal groups, bigger and smaller. Due to typical life style, hilly/ mountainous or difficult geographical terrain as their abode, they could not get the fruits of development and advancement and could not be assimilated in the mainstream of national life. Though, in case of India, the govt. has formulated and implemented many programmes for tribal welfare and development, yet they lag far behind in the process. Most tribes have little experience running welfare programs, and important funding issues remain to be negotiated between tribal governments and states. This work gives a vivid and categorical account of tribal welfare and tribal development in India.