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Synopsis This book offers a comprehensive analysis of planning in India at micro-level i.e. district and below. Planning for Integrated Area Development provides an insight into the approaches, policies, problems and planning strategies in micro-level planning adopted by Government of India for the last five decades. The present study investigates the reasons for underdevelopment and backwardness in Kalahandi district of Orissa despite of its rich mineral and forest resources. Kalahandi — a tribal district of Orissa has been a symbol of poverty, hunger and starvation. An attempt has been made to analyse the geographic, economic and social factors of backwardness to tackle the very difficult situation faced by the region. Simultaneously, an in-depth study of the spatial structure of agrarian economy, population distribution, analysis of settlement pattern and the economic and social infrastructure of the district has been made. Based on these analysis, certain spatial planning strategy for social and economic development is proposed which will bring integrated development in the area. The study is of interest to geographers, economists, sociologists, planners and other social scientists. The findings of the study would be valuable in formulating a comprehensive plan for Kalahandi district in specific and other backward parts of the country in general.