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With a total area of 82,700 sq. miles and a population of 181/2 millions, Hyderabad formed one of the premier Native States of pre-Independent India. Of the four Subas or Revenue Divisions into which it was divided administratively, Warangal was one forest and tribal Infested, and predominantly Telugu-speaking Districts of Warangal, Karimnagar and Adilabad. This was very much in the forefront in responding to the political, social and economic awakening and activity of the times. This work which is very much pioneering in its nature, and fully covers the comprehensive, significant and varied economic developments that donned the reign of the last and VII Nizan, Mir Osman Ali Khan, has, for the first time, fully explored and brought to light the wealth of information that was contained in more than 10,000 Warangal Subedari Files of H.E.H. the Nizam’s Government Departments of Agriculture, Finance, Revenue, Supply, Industries, Rural Reconstruction and Social Welfare. The economic resources of the region vis-?-vis the actual development that has been achieved over the period under study, the reasons for the much below average performance in all the key sectors and the resultant situation that has ultimately emerged, have all been examined at macro as well as micro level. The bearing on the economic development, of allied agencies such as political and administrative conditions, Education, Health, Tribal and Urabn Development has also been succinctly brought out in this comprehensively data-based and selectively illustrated work. Thus, by its nature and content, this work would be of immense interest and utility to all students, scholars and researchers of Hyderabad or Deccan History of the present century. Understanding and analysis of the development that was witnessed in Native States would also be incomplete without an insight into this work. Further, the true functioning of a Jagirdari sysem – a Muslim and Mughal legacy from the North – and its impact on the economic development of a people and a State, could well and admirably to gleaned from this magnum opus.