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Synopsis The land question in Tripura deals with the connection between land systems and population growth in the state. The study is made in an historical perspective analysing the relation during the 19 and 20 centuries. It also explores the various manifestations arising out of the abnormal population growth, a result of the massive refugee influx along with giving away of land for several economic and ecological necessities. Particular emphasis has been given on identifying the causes and effects of the problem of land availability and the ultimate shrinking of cultivable land. In analyzing these relations the study offers a new vista of observations-simply recasting the agrarian sector cannot remove the problems relating to land question since land is a stagnant factor and its productivity is subjective. Hence land classification, depending on its capability, is the need of the hour to rejuvenate the state economy. Perhaps then only can the 'question' be answered, i.e. balancing the additional pressure of population and the availability of cultivable land.