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Synopsis Agriculture and industry are the two most important sectors of Indian economy. Agriculture has been a major contributor to the GDP in India. Though its percentage share has been decreasing over the years its absolute contribution has been on the rise. It is also the largest employment providing sector and provides food surplus for the expanding population. It is a source of raw material to many industries. Its role in capital formation within the country and foreign exchange earning from outside the country cannot be ignored. The overall importance of agriculture in the country makes it necessary to improve the feudal relations, state of agricultural indebtedness, labour wage dualism in agriculture and industry, old farming techniques, fluctuations and instability in crop output and a consolidated overall agricultural policy for the whole country. As regards industrial sector, it received special importance during the plan period. Different plans laid importance to various types of industries and the plan targets and objectives for industrial development also differed. In spite of all this industrial growth, there have been problems in this sector like gaps between targets and achievements, under capacity utilization, poor performance of public sector, regional imbalance, industrial sickness, labour problems etc. which need to be probed and sorted out. This book is about the different faces and phases of agriculture and industry in India and it is hoped that it will be helpful to all those who are in any way interested in the study of agriculture and industry.