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Odisha has a rich deep-rooted cultural heritage with building traditions that can be traced back to thousands of years. The Sadhavas of Kalinga have a history of sea voyages going as far back as seventh century BC. The fact that present day Odisha was a prosperous region and extended into present day Bengal in the north to Andhra Pradesh in the south is known from the fact that before the Mauryan empire, the coastal region of eastern India was called the Kalinga coast. The images of Surya on a chariot driven by four horses with Chaya and Sajna is found in Anantagumpha of Khandagiri and Udayagiri cavesof Bhubaneswar which is of the most ancient type of Surya image in India. From the Indus seals of third millennium BC to the Matrika figures of ancient Jain caves in Bhubaneswar to the Sapta-Matrikas of Parsurameswar temple of Bhubaneswar of medieval times, we find that the reverence for Mother Goddess figures has never diminished. The book focuses on indigenous origins of Art forms in India.