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The Eastern Himalaya which comprises of Southern, Central and Eastern Nepal, Bhutan, Northern part of West Bengal, Sikkim and North Eastern India has two large hotspots: the Indo-Burma and the Himalaya Hotspots and encompassing six freshwater Ecoregions; the Ganga Delta and Plain, Ganga Himalayan Foothills, Upper Brahmaputra, Middle Brahmaputra, Chin Hills-Arakan Coast and the Sittaung-Irrawaddy and a total 426 fresh water fish species were reported from this Eastern Himalayan region. This means that the region contains exceptional levels of plant endemism (at least 1,500 endemic species) and has lost 70% or more of its original habitat. The Eastern Himalaya with its rich biodiversity is under immediate threat of species extinction and habitat destruction due to tremendous pressure from demo technic growth and natural environmental changes. This book entitled “Freshwater Fishes of Eastern Himalaya” provides a clear image of the fishes with correct nomenclature, common names, local names, systematic position, distribution and economic importance. Any fish lover or student can easily identify the freshwater fishes of Eastern Himalaya with the help of this book. The book describes 207 species which belongs to 87 genera and 12 orders. The ornamental fishes are dominant over the food fishes. Surveys were conducted and fishes were collected using different types of local gears. A few specimens were also collected from local markets near the rivers or streams.