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The modern plant breeding methods have their bases in the genetic and cytogenetic principles. The science of genetic began with rediscovery of Gregor J. Mendel’s paper in 1900, which was originally published in 1866. Mendel’s laws of inheritance provided the foundation for the vast knowledge that has, since then, accumulated in genetics. Numerous workers who determined the various modes of inheritance have contributed to the development and understanding of plant breeding. The totipotancy of plant somatic and gametic cells allows regeneration of complete plants from single cells. This, coupled with development of recombinant DNA technology, has enabled the transfer of desirable genes from any organism into plants. Crop varieties developed in this manner are already in cultivation in several countries, primarily U.S.A. and world acreage under them is increasing at a very rapid rate. These exciting developments are expected to become increasingly important with time. The main objectives of the book may be summarised as follows: Higher Yields, mproved Quality, Disease and Insect Resistance, Change in Maturity Duration, Agronomic Characteristics, Oilseeds : Major breeding procedures, Fruit Crops: Major Breeding Procedures, Seed Multiplication and Release of a Variety and soon.