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This Book critically examines the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act 2015 primarily from the perspective of child rights as recognized by the Convention on the Rights of the Child and guidelines framed under this Convention keeping in mind the historical development relating to Juvenile Justice system since 1850. It identifies lacunae in drafting of various provisions and suggests child friendly interpretations keeping in view the fundamental and general principles contained in the Act. These include the principles of best interest of child and presumption of innocence and absence of mala fide intention in all children below the age of eighteen years. It also points out contradictions within the scheme of the Act and various omissions and gaps that need to be filled for holistic implementation of the Act. All the provisions of the Act have been critically analysed keeping in view the objectives of the Act of catering to the basic needs of children through proper care, protection, development, treatment, social integration by adopting a child-friendly approach in the adjudication and disposal of matters in the best interest of children and for their rehabilitation through processes provided and institutions and bodies established under the Act. The book will provide food for thought to all persons concerned with children falling within the purview of the JJA 2016.