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Sustainable energy and local resource security has led the government of Peoples Republic of China (PRC) to support grassroots innovations in the use of biomass on one hand and strengthen and introduce national level legislation to related to environmental pollution and sustainable natural resource use. The grassroots innovations have come through on account of the farmers’ desire to improve their working and living conditions, while innovative technologies for the use of locally available biomass. But, on a macro-level, these grassroots innovations have direct as well as indirect context of the national level policies and legislation. This book presents the national level policy framework on the sustainable use of biomass in China, presents macro situation of the biomass availability in the country and in the locales of the case studies, and macro-level situation of the grassroots innovations by the farmers related to the use of biomass. The book then presents detailed case studies of individual farmers’ innovations and the policy support they receive from the local government in line with the national government policies and programs.