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This primer is an edited and slightly revised version of a previously published integrated agriculture aquaculture (IAA) technology information kit. It contains 38 contributions in seven sections, covering sociocultural, economic and environmental considerations in introducing IAA technologies, overviews and various examples of integrated farming systems including livestock-fish and rice-fish integration, as well as selected aspects of fish feeding an management, and fish breeding and nursing in IAA. The document aims to give decision-makers concerned with agriculture and rural development an overview and a basis for understanding the principles of IAA and help them decide whether to embark on IAA activities and include these in their programme portfolio. For those who work directly with farmers, the primer aims at providing good examples of IAA, but it is not intended to be a compilation of procedures to be strictly followed. Rather, the primer should help convince its readers/users that farmers can Improve their livelihoods by either introducing IAA or by further developing the many IAA opportunities on their existing farms.