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Wail N. Al-Rifaie is Professor of Civil Engineering at the University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq. He obtained his Ph.D. from the University College, Cardiff, U.K. in 1975. Dr. Wail established the Civil Engineering Department at the Engineering College in Baghdad and was the Head for nearly seven years. He received the Telford Premium Prize from the Institution of Civil Engineering (London) in 1976. His main areas of research are: Box girder bridge, folded plate structures, frames and shear walls including dynamic analysis. He is the author of three books on structural analysis in Arabic.

Ashok K. Govil is Professor in the Department of Applied Mechanics, Motilal Nehru Regional Engineering College, Allahabad, India and was also Head of the same department for over five years. He obtained B.E. degree in Civil Engineering (1963) from BITS, Pilani, India, and M.S. (1969) and Ph.D., (1977) from the University of Iowa, Iowa City, U.S.A. Dr. Govil`s main areas of research are: Optimal design of structures, fail-safe design of structures, and finite element method. He has written several research papers and technical reports, and developed many computer programmes for optimal design of structures including dynamic analysis and vulnerability reduction.